Caraway is a biennial plant in the Apiaceae family, is known for its aromatic seeds that are widely used as a spice in various cuisines around the world. The plant also has feathery, green leaves that can be used similarly to parsley or dill, adding a fresh, herbaceous flavor to dishes.
Caraway (Carum carvi)
Caraway prefers full sun but can tolerate partial shade. Full sun encourages better flowering and seed development in the second year.
This herb thrives in well-draining soil with a pH between 6.0 and 7.5. While it can grow in various soil types, loamy soil enriched with organic matter is ideal.
Water caraway plants regularly to keep the soil evenly moist but not waterlogged, especially during dry spells. Once established, caraway is relatively drought-tolerant.
Caraway is hardy in USDA zones 4-10. It can withstand cold winters, and in its second year, after a period of vernalization (cold exposure), it will produce flowers and seeds.
Caraway benefits from a balanced, slow-release fertilizer applied in the spring of its first year. Avoid over-fertilizing, which can lead to lush foliage at the expense of seed production.